WETLAND, FOREST & OTHER BIOMES

BIOMES: "A major community of living or-
ganisms; a complex of climax communities
of plants and animals in a major region."
"A major life zone, biotic formation."
"A major ecological community type."

CALIFORNIA WOODLAND BIOMES
Five programs covering Redwood, Chapparel, California Conifer and Western Oak ecosystems and habitats. 100 slides and extensive texts. Save over 35%!
EP #115X SLIDES
$129.95

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SAVE OVER $70.00 ON 5 SLIDE SET BUNDLE ORDER EP #249X.........$129.95
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ECOLOGY OF THE COASTAL REDWOOD COMMUNITY Order #115..........$42.50

The coastal redwoods, the world's tallest trees, have long been the focus of
controversy. Should this rich natural resource be exploited for gain or should it be
preserved in a pristine state? Program details this specialized community, its varied
plants and animals, and some of its history and controversy. Included are young and old
sequoias, fire scars and root systems, fog, Douglas fir, tan-bark oak, rose bay, salal,
California lilac, redwood, sorrel, thimbleberry, wild ginger, fairy bells, five finger fern,
banana slug, elk, and forest regrowth. 20 slides and detailed guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 18320 The redwood community is a part of an ecological biome
called the west coast rain forest and has many adaptations similar to those of the tropical rain
forest biome. In most of the redwood forest proper, the sunlight on the forest floor is greatly
diffused, so only plants adapted to the dim light can survive. The thick litter on the forest floor,
often several centimeters in depth, further hinders plant reproduction. These factors act to
reduce competition among the trees. Periodic fires and silting from flooding also limit
competition.

The low vegetation in the foreground is trillium, a familiar plant of cool forests. Its three
brood leaves adapt it to the dim light. In some areas, trillium forms a green carpet over the floor
of the redwood forest.

REVIEWS: "...teaching the ecological uniqueness of the Redwood Community and
the factors necessary for its preservation." Previews.
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ECOLOGY OF THE CHAPARRAL Order #116..........$42.50

The geographic and climatic conditions common to chaparral areas worldwide.
Characteristic shrubs, trees, flowers and animals of California's chaparral, and such
threats as fire and indiscriminate land use. Photos include chaparral, digger pine,
chamise, California lilac, deerbrush, manzanita, California redbud, fire, yerba santa,
poison oak, blue-eyed grass, California poppy, western mourning dove, quail, ground
squirrel, mule deer and vineyards. 20 slides and detailed guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 21424 If any one shrub is characteristic of the chaparral, it is
the chamise or qreasewood (Adenostoma fasiculatum). This is probably the most abundant
shrub in all chaparral areas. As its name implies, this plant is heavily resinous, therefor it is
highly flammable and a severe problem in fires, especially where it forms extensive stands.

Like many other fire-adapted plants, chamise has a distinct basal burl. This burl sprouts
after the above ground parts of the plant have been destroyed by fire, and the plant rises again,
phoenix-like.

In the past, the word chamiso or chamisal (the Chumash Indian word for the hollyleaf
cherry) was loosely used to denote the entire chaparral. It is now generally restricted to
describing greasewood. There are place names in California which still refer to chamiso or
chamisal, and some older residents still use the broad meaning of the word.

REVIEWS: "A good introduction to the ecology of the chaparral of the California
coast...useful in introductory ecology courses and to teachers, field biologists, naturalists, and
environmentalists..." Previews.
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CONIFERS OF CALIFORNIA Order #259X..............$72.50

Rich in detailed information about each tree's preferred habitat, range,
reproductive requirements, characteristics and economic importance. Includes
bristlecone pine, sugar pine, western white pine, Coulter pine, digger pine, knobcone
pine, ponderosa pine, Jeffery pine, lodgepole pine, pinyon pine, Sitka spruce, mountain
hemlock, Douglas fir, bigcone spruce, white fir, red fir, coast redwood, giant sequoia,
incense cedar, Monterey cypress, Italian cypress, McNab cypress, juniper and birch. 40
slides and two detailed guides.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 20669 The cone of the knobcone pine ( top), is contrasted here
with the cone of the digger pine (bottom).

Knobcone cones tend to be grouped into clusters which encircle the stems, looking like
clumps of hand grenades held flat against the branches. The cone itself is basically conical in
shape, with its tapered end always facing backward towards the main trunk. On closer
examination, the cone can be seen to be asymmetrical, with the surface facing the branch being
quite flat or concave, and the outer surface convexly curved. The outer scales at the broad end
are quite large, each forming a thick, protruding pyramidal-shaped knob with an incurved prickle
on the tip. The common name, knobcone, comes from these broadly pointed, armor-like scales
near the base of the cone.
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OAKS OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE Order #243..........$42.50

A detailed introduction to the many species of oaks found on the western coast
of the United States, primarily California. Includes identifying characteristics, leaves,
acorns, bark, parasites, diseases, etc. Highlights local nomenclature and lore.
Photographs include leaf details, pictures of the various species discussed, some
remarkable individuals, and more. 20 slides and detailed guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 27046 Encina is the Spanish name for this California live oak
(Q. Agrifolia), more commonly called the coast live oak (top). Many streets, towns and
developments in California (Encino, Encinitas) are named for this handsome tree. The city of
Oakland was named for the groves of coast live oak that originally grew in the area.

Depending on the site, these oaks may grow to 9 to 27 m (30 to 90 ft.) in height and 60
to 90 cm (24 to 36 in.) in diameter. However, one exceptional specimen has a diameter of 3.7 m
(12 ft.)! The bole tends to be short, often crooked, and the crown wide-spreading. It is a prolific
seeder and is quite tolerant of shade. It matures in around 150 years. The coast live oak may
form pure, open stands or join with other trees to form mixed stands. It is found within 50 miles of
the coast from Sonoma County south to Baja California.

The coast live oak was one of the first California trees to be described scientifically--by
botanists of the Malaspina expedition of 1791. Also, it was under a coast live oak that Father
Junipero Serra said his first Mass on the Monterey Peninsula in 1770.
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~1875-032~ Chamise (Adenostoma fasiculatum). photo by Redwood Edugraphics.

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