BOTANY

Numerous programs covering the world of
botany from the microscopic algae to the
tallest redwood and oldest bristlecone.End-
less fascinating information for the scientist
& amature. GREATLY REDUCED PRICES!

DECIDUOUS TREES & WINTER BOTANY
Detailed information on many North American species. Describes identifying features visible in winter. Techniques of seed dispersal. 5 pgms. 100 slides, guides.
EP #243X SLIDES
$149.95

*****************************************************************************************************************
SAVE $35.00 ON 5 SLIDE SET BUNDLE ORDER EP #243X.........$149.95
*****************************************************************************************************************

COMMON DECIDUOUS TREE COLLECTION Order #250X..........$99.95

Details a variety of commonly encountered wild and cultivated broad-leafed
trees, mostly of the eastern U.S., their habitat, commercial value and unusual
characteristics. Coverage includes weeping willow, poplars, cottonwood, sugar and red
maple, tulip, basswood, shagbark hickory, Ohio buckeye, royal paulownia, eucalyptus,
cockspur hawthorn, apple, staghorn and poison sumac, dogwood, Japanese cherry,
ginkgo, black walnut, American and ornamental beeches, chestnut, various oaks
including flowers and acorns, elm, mulberry, magnolia, sassafras, mountain ash,
mimosa, holly, fringetree, ash, catalpa, sycamore, sweet gum, birches (white, paper,
yellow, black and gray), ailanthus, honey locust, black locust, sourwood, and autumn
color changes. (3 separate slide sets) 6O slides, 3 detailed guides.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 19966 Maples are among the most common and easily recog-
nized trees and shrubs in North America. There are nearly 150 species, most of which are found
in eastern Asia. About a dozen species are native to the U.S., most of which grow in the East,
and a number of species have been introduced as ornamentals.

Almost all maple leaves are palmately-shaped, like a palm with outstretched fingers. The
leaf of the sugar maple (Acer saccharum) (left) is typical. An exception is ash-leaved maple
(Acer negundo) commonly referred to as box elder. Its foliage is pinnately compound (feathery),
with three leaflets forming the leaf. Most maple leaves are simple, a single leaf attached to the
twig. All the leaves grow opposite along the twig, another identifying characteristic, with generally
three or five lobes.

The double-winged maple seed or key, known as the samara, forms different angles in
different kinds of maples. Here we see samaras of the red maple (Acer rubrum) (right). The wings
aid in propelling the seeds far from the parent tree so a new maple can find favorable conditions
for growth. These seeds need not be buried in the soil to sprout. Maples are quite prolific and can
be seen sprouting in many unlikely places, such as in hedges, sidewalk cracks and rotting tree
stumps.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

OAKS OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE Order #243..........$42.50

A detailed introduction to the many species of oaks found on the western coast
of the United States, primarily California. Includes identifying characteristics, leaves,
acorns, bark, parasites, diseases, etc. Highlights local nomenclature and lore.
Photographs include leaf details, pictures of the various species discussed, some
remarkable individuals, and more. 20 slides and detailed guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 27046 Encina is the Spanish name for this California live oak
(Q. Agrifolia), more commonly called the coast live oak (top). Many streets, towns and
developments in California (Encino, Encinitas) are named for this handsome tree. The city of
Oakland was named for the groves of coast live oak that originally grew in the area.

Depending on the site, these oaks may grow to 9 to 27 m (30 to 90 ft.) in height and 60
to 90 cm (24 to 36 in.) in diameter. However, one exceptional specimen has a diameter of 3.7 m
(12 ft.)! The bole tends to be short, often crooked, and the crown wide-spreading. It is a prolific
seeder and is quite tolerant of shade. It matures in around 150 years. The coast live oak may
form pure, open stands or join with other trees to form mixed stands. It is found within 50 miles of
the coast from Sonoma County south to Baja California.

The coast live oak was one of the first California trees to be described scientifically--by
botanists of the Malaspina expedition of 1791. Also, it was under a coast live oak that Father
Junipero Serra said his first Mass on the Monterey Peninsula in 1770.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

WINTER BOTANY Order #244..........$42.50

A look at the characteristics used to identify deciduous trees after they have
shed their leaves. Illustrations include close-up photographs of leaf scars, buds, pith and
other morphological features. Twenty different tree species illustrated, including maple,
beech, alder hickory, walnut, etc. 20 slides and detailed guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 27019 Another relatively easy tree to identify in winter is the
sycamore. Sycamores can almost always be recognized by their bark (left)--it peels away in
great sheets, leaving the upper trunk and limbs clad only in a thin layer of whitish bark.

The twigs (right) are distinct as well, with the alternate leaf scars almost completely
encircling the lateral buds. These scars are caused by a leaf petiole that covers the bud during
the growing season, a so-called “hooded bud.” Occasionally the dried remains of the stipules will
cling to the twigs through the winter (top right). Sycamores lack a terminal bud. A single cap-like
scale covers each lateral bud, with each node ringed by a stipule scar.

Sycamore fruits (bottom right) are borne in stalked, pendant balls that often hang in
great numbers from mature trees.

*****************************************************************************************************************
RELATED PROGRAMS WORTH NOTING
*****************************************************************************************************************

SHRUBS Slides order #277............$42.50

An often overlooked segment of the plant world, important to wildlife for "edge"
and food, ornamental and ecologically valuable: mulberry, witch hazel, alder, bayberry,
spicebush, rhododendron, buttonbush, barberry, azalea, kinnikinnik, elder, witch hobble,
highbush cranberry, juniper, lilac, privet, buddleia. 2O slides and guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 11642 Once you’ve seen the magenta-colored fruits of this
shrub you will never forget it. This is French mulberry (Callicarpa) a widespread shrub of the
southeastern United States. It grows from Virginia through Florida, west to Texas and Arkansas,
and is also found in the West Indies. French mulberry is not a true mulberry. It reaches a height of
about six feet and is in the verbena family. It bears pink, white or bluish flowers in flat-topped
clusters. The clusters of attractive fruit form where the leaves meet the stem. It is traditionally a
shrub of woods, hammocks, pinelands and coastal plains; it grows best in dry sandy soil. There
are over 40 related species in Australia, southern Asia and Central America. It is planted as an
ornamental and may be known as "beauty berry" too.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

SEED DISPERSAL Slides order #210........$42.50

Surveys the various ways in which plants disseminate their seeds and insure
reproduction. Includes airborne seeds, parachute seeds, propeller seeds, waterborne
seeds, exploding seeds, seeds that are consumed and seeds that hitchhike. 2O slides
and guide.

CONTENT SAMPLE: 19866 Although we tend not to think of them as such, most
familiar trees with the exception of the conifers are also flowering plants (angiosperms). The mark
of the angiosperms is that they bear their seeds enclosed in hard shells or husks. In the maples
(Acer sp.) this hard covering extends to a single wing or propeller called a samara.

While they are growing, maple seeds are borne in pairs (top). Each seed possesses a
single wing, and seed and wing together are called a key. The seeds are heavier than the wings
and when they break away from the parent plant, the keys spin to the ground separately.

As they fall, maple keys turn by means of their own forward motion, an effect produced by
the eccentric wing, called the autogyrating principle of flight. The wing rotates around a central
axis and is counterbalanced by the weight of the seed. All flying seeds have a constant center of
gravity around which they revolve. This gives them stability and aids them in traveling great
distances.

On the bottom we see maple seeds scattered widely, in a random though rather uniform
distribution, from a central source, the parent tree, located more then 25 m (80 ft.) away.

REVIEWS: "The quality of each slide is outstanding ...definitely recommended for
academic high school and college level biology classes." Previews.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~1875-052~ Birch in fall. photo by Charles R. Belinky, Ph.D.

Copyright (c) MCMXCVIII Educational Images Ltd., Elmira, NY,USA. All rights reserved.

EDUCATIONAL IMAGES LTD.

P.O.Box 3456 Westside Station

Elmira, N.Y., USA, 14905-0456

Telephone: 800-527-4264; 607-732-1090

Fax: 607-732-1183

E-Mail: edimages@edimages.com